The  electric vehicle is listed as the 863 high-tech development plan of the  national defense explosive battery house, and the new energy automobile  industry is listed in the seven national strategic new industries. The  four ministries and commissions of the state began to implement the two  rounds of new energy auto subsidy policy from 2009. The new energy  automobile industry in China has been developing rapidly in the last ten  years, but the power of China's new energy vehicle is driven by the new  energy auto industry.  The development of batteries has always been a controversial issue: the  competition between lithium manganese oxide, three lithium and lithium  iron phosphate has not subsided.

   With the acquisition of A123 by Wanxiang Group, in fact, Chinese enterprises have mastered the most advanced technology and technology of LiFePO4 batteries. The absolute advantage of the lithium phosphate battery in the safety and cycle life relative to the three yuan lithium battery is the key element and development of the new energy vehicle in China. As long as its development status is clear and the advantages of investment and curing are increased, China's new energy vehicle will have the possibility of overtaking corners.



Two, the selection of three yuan, the top layer design lack of forward-looking, the global nickel and cobalt resources are tense, its large number of applications will lead to a surge in market prices, especially in China, the two elements of the storage can not be supported.



The material formula of three yuan lithium battery, whether nickel cobalt lithium manganese oxide or nickel cobalt lithium aluminate, can not get away from two kinds of precious metals, namely cobalt and nickel. The two metals are scarce in China and limited in global reserves. Among them, more than 90% of the use of cobalt in China needs to be imported, and nickel is mainly used in stainless steel production. These two kinds of precious metals all have international futures trading, and the price is not only high and fluctuating.



If China identified three yuan lithium battery as the main power battery development route, according to the government plan, by 2020, the new energy vehicle capacity reached 2 million vehicles and the new energy vehicles reached 5 million vehicles. According to the average charge of 80KWH for each new energy vehicle power battery, 5 million new energy vehicles require 400 billion WH batteries, which does not include batteries for replacement and standby. Once this demand is pushed to the market, the price of cobalt and nickel will rise rapidly, which will lead to a sharp rise in the price of the spot market, and the price trend of three yuan lithium battery will rise in a straight line.



The reason why China's new energy vehicle promotion has not reached the expected target of the policy is that the price remains high. Among them, the most important reason is that the price of lithium batteries, which occupy nearly 50% of the cost of new energy vehicles, remains high. The result of the three Yuan line is that the price of new energy vehicles is even higher, requiring more subsidies from the government, and never achieving market promotion.



Lithium iron phosphate batteries are just the opposite. They do not contain any precious metals. Moreover, the main raw materials for producing positive materials are iron oxide and lithium carbonate, which are very rich in China. If the demand of the downstream new energy vehicle market is enlarged and the upstream material is driven by the scale effect, the cost will fall straight and the price of the cathode material, which occupies more than 30% of the lithium iron phosphate battery, will decrease the price of the lithium iron phosphate battery.



Three, vehicle safety design, China's new energy vehicles using three yuan lithium battery as power battery, there will be huge security risks.



In the three fire of Tesla, one of them was triggered by a metal slice of the battery, but because of the safety design of the vehicle, the three fires did not cause casualties. The deoxidization temperature of the three element material is 200, the exothermic energy is more than 800J/g, and the three yuan lithium can not pass the needle experiment. It shows that the three yuan battery can easily cause the safety accident when the internal short circuit is short circuited.



At present, the safety design of the new energy vehicle in China can not reach the level of Tesla in the short term. The use of three yuan lithium battery as a new energy vehicle power battery has a huge hidden danger. This is a matter of safety for passengers, and it is unacceptable even if the hidden danger is even 1/100000.



The stability of the lithium iron phosphate battery at high temperature is up to 390 degrees centigrade, which ensures the internal high safety of the battery. It will not produce explosion or combustion because of overcharge, high temperature, short circuit and impact. It can be easily passed through needle experiment. This safety feature is most suitable for China's new energy vehicle industry, which is still in its infancy.

 Four, from the consumption characteristics and habits of new energy vehicles in China, the three yuan lithium battery is not suitable for China's new energy vehicle power battery.



Tesla is called "the toy of the rich". The battery capacity of the assembly is 400KM, but most of the time, the actual operation is about 200KM, which is shallow and shallow, so the cycle life is guaranteed. However, most of the new energy vehicles in China are used for public transportation, government affairs, special vehicles and passenger cars. The characteristics of them are that most of them have fixed lines and frequency requirements every day, which are deep and deep filled. Under the conditions of more than three yuan lithium, the capacity attenuation speed is very fast, and the cycle life is only half of the lithium phosphate battery.



The average use of new energy vehicles is more than 8 years. If the power lithium battery is in the deep and deep filling condition, it will maintain more than 80% capacity, and the life span of three yuan lithium battery will be less than three years, and the lithium phosphate battery can meet the requirements of 8 years.



Under the current state related subsidy policy, the first purchase of new energy vehicles is subsidized by the government, but there is no subsidy for the two purchase of batteries. In the cycle of new energy vehicles, three yuan lithium batteries need to be replaced by two batteries, which will greatly increase the economic burden of the users, and will not be accepted by the end users.



If the lithium ion battery of three yuan has the same life span as lithium iron phosphate, it can only be shallow and shallow, and it needs to increase at least 50% of the battery capacity. In this way, the advantage of its high energy density will be lost. The volume will be larger than that of the lithium iron lithium battery with the same sex energy, and the weight of the battery will be heavier, and its price is much higher than that of the lithium iron phosphate battery.



In May 2011, Volda, the GM's most classic hybrid electric vehicle, was equipped with the three power lithium battery of LG chemical in South Korea. The second test occurred thick smoke and fire, and the third test took place seven days later, so it was investigated by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) of the United States, plus nearly 6000 vola in the only one year of the market, and the battery capacity was reduced to less than 80%. LG chemical, a leader of the global three yuan lithium battery, has a high safety and capacity retention rate of three yuan lithium, which shows that three yuan lithium is not in fact fit for the assembly of new energy vehicles.



Five, lithium iron phosphate batteries will be most suitable for the future development of electric vehicles.



It is foreseeable that the development of the future pure electric passenger car and special vehicle will have the following characteristics: one is the formation of three types of vehicles, that is, less than 1.3 tons, 1.3 to 1.7 tons and more than 1.7 tons. For each power, the mileage 10KM, 8KM and 6KM are respectively achieved, corresponding to the weight of the assembled batteries, which are also 300KG, 500KG and 800KG. Two, all batteries are equipped with two types of charging, namely, DC fast charging and AC slow charging. Three, no matter the body or chassis will use new materials, light weight composite material route, such as aluminum alloy, carbon fiber composite material and so on.



As a result, the future development of electric vehicles in China is no longer the main problem for the power cell to require a little low energy density, because the vehicle needs to maintain a certain weight from the safety and gravity stability design. The car body and the chassis are a little lighter and the battery is heavy. It will be a new design of the car system - the lightweight design of the body and the chassis, and the lithium iron phosphate battery pack is designed to ensure the weight of the body and the stability of the body's center of gravity.



The key to the popularization of new energy vehicles is the use of safety, stability and reliability and low cost. Only in this way can it be accepted by the market and popular.



The lithium iron phosphate battery can ensure the combined energy density of 100 to 120WH/KG, with its best safety and foreseeable economy, which will be the best choice for the development of China's new energy vehicle power battery.



We have no doubt, no slack and no trouble. It is believed that after twenty years, China's new energy vehicle is already the best, and its heart must be a lithium iron phosphate battery.